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Process control of a distillery
Sejkora, Martin ; Kopečný, Lukáš (referee) ; Veselý, Libor (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with the design of a control system for a distillation column. It deals with the issue of distillate production and acquaints the reader with the necessary knowledge that is necessary to understand the purpose of the work. The practical part of the work presents a specific distillation column, the means for its control and the method of implementation of the control system, then the visualization of the control system and the method of control. Part of the work is the evaluation of the results and benefits of the work.
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Refrigeration systems in the food industry
Dvořák, Josef ; Katolický, Jaroslav (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
Bachelor´s thesis is aimed at refrigeration systems in the industry which are used mainly in the food industry. Here are described individual parts that are refrigeration systems assembled. The work also contains summary of the ways you can make use of waste heat and also factors that have impact on economy of operation. The aim of work is to describe the basic analysis of thermodynamic cycles in the refrigeration systems which are displayed on the illustrative diagrams.
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Expansion valve replacing with the capillary tube
Devečka, Viktor ; Tuhovčák, Ján (referee) ; Hejčík, Jiří (advisor)
V súčasnosti sa kladie veľký dôraz na znižovanie produkcie emisií, čistotu a kvalitu životného prostredia. Tieto trendy sa týkajú všetkých odvetví, tak isto aj stavebného priemyslu a vykurovania budov. Doposiaľ bolo najrozšírenejším typom vykurovania spaľovanie fosílnych palív. Do popredia sa však dostávajú tepelné čerpadlá a začínajú zaberať výrazný podiel trhu. Kvôli dopytu po tepelných čerpadlách vzrastá počet výrobcov a konkurencia. Cieľom výrobcov je zvyšovanie účinnosti tepelných čerpadiel a zároveň znižovanie výrobných nákladov na dosiahnutie lepšej pozície na trhu. Predložená práca sa zaoberá procesmi prebiehajúcimi v chladivovom okruhu tepelného čerpadla. Skúma správanie chladiva počas kondenzácie a možnosti zvýšenia účinnosti tepelného čerpadla. Zvýšenie účinnosti je dosiahnuté podchladením chladiva počas kondenzácie na zvýšenie tepelných ziskov. To je dosiahnuté zaradením druhého elektronického expanzného ventilu za kondenzátorom. Táto technológia je však finančne náročná. Práca sa zaoberá výpočtom kapiláry na základe praktických meraní, ktorá bude zadržiavať chladivo v kondenzátore a bude plniť podobnú úlohu ako expanzný ventil. Následne sú porovnané výsledky jednotlivých meraní. Výsledky sú porovnané voči jednoduchému systému, kde nedochádza k podchladeniu chladiva. V závere práce je analýza výsledkov jednotlivých systémov.
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Heat Pumps with Direct Evaporation
Gerát, Mário ; Formánek, Marian (referee) ; Hejčík, Jiří (advisor)
Master thesis is focused on design of ground heat pump with direct evaporation. First part is dedicated to description of heat pump technology, cooling circulation and sources of low-potential heat. Heat pump ground-water, its main components, classification of refridgerant and systems of direct evaporation are all described in the second part. The last part consists of design of each individual component of heat pump and solution of ground heat exchanger for direct evaporation of refridgerant.
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Heat pump
Klíma, Martin ; Kloss, Ondřej (referee) ; Kaplan, Zdeněk (advisor)
Bachelor thesis describes and characterizes the heat pump. Summarizes the various types of heat pumps in terms of energy production, principles of their function and description of the differences between different types of compressors, use of refrigerant and its future development. Finally, here is my own view given the heat pump, which I prefer.
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Direct cooling systems in food processing plants
Kotásek, Petr ; Vlček, Petr (referee) ; Formánek, Marian (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with direct cooling systems in food processing plants. The work focuses on the description of the components of the refrigerant cycle, with emphasis on the choice of refrigerant. The result is a design of direct cooling system in the food factory in the variants with refrigerant R404A and R717. The work describes the advantages and disadvantages of various options. The work includes an experimental section which deals with the measure-ment and processing of the actual values of the refrigerant cycle and the comparison of two cold sources.
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Modeling thermal circuits using object methods
Holcman, Tomáš ; Mastný, Petr (referee) ; Baxant, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor’s thesis is creating programmer’s library in some object oriented programming language which should help calculating of thermodynamic schemas. The first part of the bachelor’s thesis is a short summary of the options of computing simplification of thermodynamic schemas using computer technology. The second part is focused on finding proper mathematical models of particular components of schemas. The next part brings forward a design of the system, separation of the library to particular sections, the design of helper classes and classes of each component. The fourth part considers choosing suitable programming language. Next step is the implementation of library, the solution of the problems linked with implementation in PHP version 5.2.x. Finally, some cases of using this library are presented, and future prospective progress of the library and linked software is adumbrated.
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Numerical image processing methods for rotating condenser microscope images processing
Týč, Matěj ; Martišek, Dalibor (referee) ; Druckmüller, Miloslav (advisor)
Tato práce popisuje vznik obrazu v transmisním světelném mikroskopu s proměnnou aperturou kondenzoru. Tento způsob pořizování obrazu je výhodný při pozorování tlustých vzorků, což jsou objekty, u kterých je v mikroskopickém měřítku významná výška. Klasické transmisní mikroskopy pro tento výzkum vhodné nejsou, protože výsledný obraz, který produkují, obsahuje patrné informace z velkého objemu vzorku mimo oblast, která je vyšetřovaná. Tento problém byl vyřešen po vynálezu konfokálního mikroskopu, který je ovšem daleko dražší a má i některé nevýhody navíc. Cílem je zpracovat obrazy pořízené pomocí kondenzoru s rotující aperturou tak, aby došlo k redukci podílu nežádoucí informace a obraz se tak stal "čistším". Tato metoda zpracování obrazu nemohla být použita v minulosti, protože tehdejší počítače neměly dostatečnou paměť a výkon. Na tuto metodu se dá nahlížet jako na převod množiny výstupů z mikroskopu s vylepšenou osvětlovací soustavou na odpovídající množinu výstupů konfokálního mikroskopu.
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Development of Methodology for Evaluating the Necessity of Shell Compensators fo Tubular Condensers
Pernica, Marek ; Reppich, Marcus (referee) ; Vincour, Dušan (referee) ; Jegla, Zdeněk (advisor)
This dissertation deals with strength analysis of shell and tube condenser with fixed tube sheet, which is equipped with shell expansion joint. The main aim of this thesis is to develop a methodology for determining of necessity of uses the expansion joint on the shell and tube condenser, while maintaining the safety and reliability of the equipment during operation, based on thermal-hydraulic and strength analyses. Industrial condenser is used as a safety equipment during the operation, therefore special attention is paid to the start-up process. The condenser start-up process is investigated by a number of transient strength and transient thermal analyses, which was solved by specialized software and with analytical calculations. The strength calculation of shell, tube and tube-sheet of shell and tube condenser is developed in detail according the ČSN EN 13445 standard with special attention to shell and tube process media thermal impact on condenser construction. Based on the performed calculations, the methodology for evaluating the necessity of shell expansion joints of tubular condensers was developed.
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Increasing the flow of cooling water for absorption cooling systems in the nuclear power plant Dukovany
Dvořák, Josef ; Suk, Ladislav (referee) ; Martinec, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis focuses on comparison of the original and the new solutions of cooling water circuit of the York cooling units for the purpose of cooling water flow increase for the absorption units in the Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant. The individual parts of the cooling units that were changed and modified within a reconstruction are described here. The aim of the work is also to process and compare the original and the new solutions of the cooling units and the cold source station from the available measured data. The data are processed into illustrative graphs and tables. Based on the obtained data we can observe the changes achieved by the reconstruction that have affected the effectiveness of the cooling units.
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